Overview
At the end of Reconstruction, an economic crisis happened right after the presidential election in 1872, known as Panic of 1873, because of excessive loans to railroad industry. The political cartoon “Out of the Ruins” by Thomas Nast captured the event of the Panic. There was a bank run on Fourth National Bank, New York during this time because citizens thought it was not safe to put money in the bank.
In 1874, the South erupted in violence and continued unfair treatment to blacks. Later the White League attempted to drive Republican governor of Louisiana out of it and even brought troops to attack the police force. The Colfax massacre happened due to conflict between Democrats and Republicans as well. Along with campaigns and elections of 1875 and 1876, more Republicans and blacks were killed by Democrats to ensure their power until the Republican representative Rutherford B. Hayes won the election and became the president. The compromise of 1877 reached and Hayes withdrew the troops in the South. Reconstruction officially ends.
In 1874, the South erupted in violence and continued unfair treatment to blacks. Later the White League attempted to drive Republican governor of Louisiana out of it and even brought troops to attack the police force. The Colfax massacre happened due to conflict between Democrats and Republicans as well. Along with campaigns and elections of 1875 and 1876, more Republicans and blacks were killed by Democrats to ensure their power until the Republican representative Rutherford B. Hayes won the election and became the president. The compromise of 1877 reached and Hayes withdrew the troops in the South. Reconstruction officially ends.
Important Characters
Thomas Nast (1840~1902)
Nast was a political cartoonist who was known as the father of the American political cartoon. His drawings illustrate major political and social issues of reconstruction era, which includes corruption and economic crisis. He created popular national symbols, such as the Democratic donkey, the Republican elephant, and Uncle Sam. His cartoons on Harper’s Weekly helped Ulysses Grant to win the campaign and become president. President and him became so close that they even shared dinners.
His cartoon works reflect economic problems, including corruption, at the end of reconstruction era. He is important because of his valuable drawings.
Nast was a political cartoonist who was known as the father of the American political cartoon. His drawings illustrate major political and social issues of reconstruction era, which includes corruption and economic crisis. He created popular national symbols, such as the Democratic donkey, the Republican elephant, and Uncle Sam. His cartoons on Harper’s Weekly helped Ulysses Grant to win the campaign and become president. President and him became so close that they even shared dinners.
His cartoon works reflect economic problems, including corruption, at the end of reconstruction era. He is important because of his valuable drawings.
Rutherford B. Hayes (1822-1893)
From 1858 to 1861, Hayes was a lawyer in Ohio and it provided him the opportunity to join the Republican Party. During civil war, he served as an officer in the Union Army. In 1865, he stepped in Congress because of the Republicans’ choice. In 1876, he was elected to represent his party and run for president. In spite of loss in the popular vote against Democrat Samuel Tilden, Hayes finally won the election, resulted in the Compromise of 1877 and brought to the end of reconstruction. After reconstruction, African Americans got to determine their own fate for the future.
From 1858 to 1861, Hayes was a lawyer in Ohio and it provided him the opportunity to join the Republican Party. During civil war, he served as an officer in the Union Army. In 1865, he stepped in Congress because of the Republicans’ choice. In 1876, he was elected to represent his party and run for president. In spite of loss in the popular vote against Democrat Samuel Tilden, Hayes finally won the election, resulted in the Compromise of 1877 and brought to the end of reconstruction. After reconstruction, African Americans got to determine their own fate for the future.
Important Place
The courthouse of Grant Parish, Colfax
Colfax massacre took place here in 1873 and demonstrates the conflict between the Republicans and Democrats. White Democrats overpowered a group of black Republicans and freedmen, while white Republican officers were not involved. Many of Freedmen were killed. The place is related to what Supreme Court acted to apply 14th and 15th Amendment to every citizen. After that, whites in the South did not treat African Americans fairly. It’s also significant considered as an expression of radical conflict.
Colfax massacre took place here in 1873 and demonstrates the conflict between the Republicans and Democrats. White Democrats overpowered a group of black Republicans and freedmen, while white Republican officers were not involved. Many of Freedmen were killed. The place is related to what Supreme Court acted to apply 14th and 15th Amendment to every citizen. After that, whites in the South did not treat African Americans fairly. It’s also significant considered as an expression of radical conflict.
Artifact
“Out of the Ruin”, October 18, 1873.
It’s a political cartoon created by Thomas Nast, and used as an illustration on a weekly journal. This cartoon would be found in Americans’ newspaper or other media sources. It indicates that the nation’s economy collapsed at the end of Reconstruction and it’s known as the Panic of 1873.
It’s a political cartoon created by Thomas Nast, and used as an illustration on a weekly journal. This cartoon would be found in Americans’ newspaper or other media sources. It indicates that the nation’s economy collapsed at the end of Reconstruction and it’s known as the Panic of 1873.
Events
Panic of 1873 (September, 1873)
Destruction during civil war, inflation, trade deficit and overextended loans to railroad industry led to the economic depression. In 1873, one of the most influential banks in United States failed and it spread to the entire nation, even to Europe. Increasing people suffered from job losses and railroad reconstruction programs failed.
Destruction during civil war, inflation, trade deficit and overextended loans to railroad industry led to the economic depression. In 1873, one of the most influential banks in United States failed and it spread to the entire nation, even to Europe. Increasing people suffered from job losses and railroad reconstruction programs failed.
Compromise of 1877 (February, 1877)
Although Republicans lost power before, Hayes was raised from the election and won voting from people who regarded him as an honest and ambitious person. Rutherford B. Hayes was elected President and southern state governments permitted to build railroads and ports. Finally, union accomplished and reconstruction ended.
Although Republicans lost power before, Hayes was raised from the election and won voting from people who regarded him as an honest and ambitious person. Rutherford B. Hayes was elected President and southern state governments permitted to build railroads and ports. Finally, union accomplished and reconstruction ended.